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Self-Determining Haiti Four articles reprinted from The Nation embodying a report of an investigation made for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.

By James Weldon Johnson

(3.5 stars) • 10 reviews

"Self-Determining Haiti" by James Weldon Johnson is a historical account written in the early 20th century. The work compiles four articles originally...

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2011-01-21
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Overview

"Self-Determining Haiti" by James Weldon Johnson is a historical account written in the early 20th century. The work compiles four articles originally published in "The Nation" in 1920 and details the United States' imperialistic actions in Haiti during the years of American occupation from 1915 onwards. The focus of the text sheds light on the complex political situation, exploring themes of colonialism, economic exploitation, and the impact of foreign intervention on Haitian sovereignty. The opening of the text reveals the context behind America's military involvement in Haiti, indicating that the U.S. intervention was primarily motivated by economic interests, particularly those of the National City Bank. Johnson outlines the events leading up to the American occupation, including the coup against Haitian President Vilbrun Guillaume Sam, effectively framing the U.S. actions as both opportunistic and imperialistic. From this start, Johnson condemns the militarization and suppression of Haitian governance, emphasizing the existential threat to Haitian independence posed by American military dominance and financial control, thereby setting the stage for a detailed exploration of these themes throughout the work. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

About the Author

James Weldon Johnson was an American writer and civil rights activist. He was married to civil rights activist Grace Nail Johnson. Johnson was a leader of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), where he started working in 1917. In 1920, he was chosen as executive secretary of the organization, effectively the operating officer. He served in that position from 1920 to 1930. Johnson established his reputation as a writer, and was known during the Harlem Renaissance for his poems, novel and anthologies collecting both poems and spirituals of Black culture. He wrote the lyrics for "Lift Every Voice and Sing", which later became known as the Black National Anthem, the music being written by his younger brother, composer J. Rosamond Johnson.

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