Response in the Living and Non-Living

"Response in the Living and Non-Living" by Jagadis Chandra Bose is a scientific publication written in the early 20th century. The work explores the reactions of both living organisms and inorganic materials to various stimuli, highlighting differences and similarities in their responses. It delves into complex interactions such as mechanical and electric responses, providing empirical observations and experimental methods. The opening of this work introduces the concept of mechanical response in living substances, detailing how stimuli like pressure or temperature can elicit visible changes, as observed in muscle contractions. Bose describes the characteristics of these responses, using myographic apparatus to record and analyze muscle behavior when subjected to different stimuli. He emphasizes the universality of response phenomena across living organisms and sets the stage for further investigations into electrical responses in both plants and metals, suggesting that similar laws govern the behavior of both living and non-living substances when subjected to external stimuli. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose (; IPA: [dʒɔɡodiʃ tʃɔndro boʃu]; 30 November 1858 – 23 November 1937) was an Indian polymath with interests in biology, physics, botany and writing science fiction. He was a pioneer in the investigation of radio microwave optics, made significant contributions to botany, and was a major force behind the expansion of experimental science on the Indian subcontinent. Bose is considered the father of Bengali science fiction. A crater on the Moon was named in his honour. He founded the Bose Institute, a premier research institute in India and also one of its oldest. Established in 1917, the institute was the first interdisciplinary research centre in Asia. He served as the Director of Bose Institute from its inception until his death.