Degeneration: A Chapter in Darwinism

"Degeneration: A Chapter in Darwinism" by E. Ray Lankester is a scientific book that looks at the idea of degeneration in evolution, where species can become less complex. Lankester connects this idea to Darwinism and explains how natural selection and surroundings can cause degeneration. The book argues that some evolutionary paths lead to simpler forms in species that are better suited for tough environments. Using examples like parasites and creatures that do not move much, Lankester shows how species can lose traits when they're not helpful anymore. He highlights that understanding why this happens helps with classifying organisms and understanding evolution. The book challenges the idea that evolution always means progress, suggesting that decline is also a part of it.