The Egyptian campaigns, 1882 to 1885

"The Egyptian Campaigns, 1882 to 1885" by Charles Royle is a historical exploration of Egypt in the late 1800s. The book explores Egypt's financial problems and rising nationalism to show how England got involved. It captures the period’s chaos, focusing on the Arabist and Mahdist movements, and introduces key leaders like Ismail Pasha, his successor Tewfik, and Arabi Pasha, setting the scene for military clashes and internal power struggles that would define the Egyptian campaigns.