Athens: Its Rise and Fall, Book I

"Athens: Its Rise and Fall, Book I" by Edward Bulwer Lytton chronicles the early history of Athens, from its beginnings to its rise as a major power. The book examines Athens' literary, political, and social evolution, seeking to understand the reasons for its greatness and its eventual downfall. Starting with a dedication and prefaces that detail the author's research, Lytton describes the land of Attica, introducing its early peoples such as the Pelasgians, and the mythical figure of Cecrops, who supposedly brought civilization and laws. The book highlights how religion, morals, and social structure combined to form Athenian culture, preparing the way for a thorough historical study. Lytton stresses the need to grasp this early history to fully appreciate Athens' ongoing effect on Western culture.