The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques and Discoveries of the English Nation — Volume 11

"The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques and Discoveries of the English Nation" by Richard Hakluyt is a historical record from the 1500s about the sea travels and business deals of the English people. The book tells stories of different trips, focusing on the meetings and trades between English sailors, merchants, and people from other places, like Africa and the Mediterranean. This volume starts by talking about English adventures in Africa, specifically the tale of Henry, Earl of Derby (who later became King Henry IV), and his military journey to Tunis with English and French armies to fight against the Moors. It describes how these countries worked together, sharing both hard times and successes, and emphasizes how courageous English archers were in helping them land on shore. Hakluyt uses old writings and stories, like those written by Polydore Virgile, to make the story believable, showing how military actions, talks between countries, and trade were all connected during this time of exploration and taking over new lands.